Wednesday, July 8, 2009

more on our day as archeologists

Here are a few more pictures to round out Amanda's commentary on our trip to the Nuvuk dig site.
Loading up the fourwheelers in the morning.






Janet and Amanda bundle up












Learning how to dig holes










Fragile existence-a small patch of plants manages to take hold in the gravel. From the archeologists view point this patch suggests organic remains may be underneath so it will become an important dig site by the end of the day.




The convoy sets off home at the end if the day.
















Perry our bear guard. Most of us also got a wild ride around the point on the back of his four wheeler past the place where they bring all the whale bones ( often a favorite spot for the polar bears) as well as Perry's favorite spot to hunt seals and the place where the salmon pass close to the shore so can be caught with a net strung from the shore.

Point Barrow Dig!!







Yesterday we had one of our more exciting days, as we got to join one of the archeological crews at Point Barrow, the very tip of Barrow between the Beaufort and Chukchi  Seas.  The dig began in 1998 when (around) 800 year old human remains were discovered. It was then realized that Point Barrow provided a burial site that contained remains that could be tested and traced to the local community.  The two groups that were at the dig had two different agendas: 1) The archeologists are trying to recover and move the burial remains in town before erosions wipes them all out to sea, and 2) the geneticists want to gather samples from ribs that can allow them to test and trace DNA.  (Did I say this yesterday?  Is anyone actually reading this, or are you just looking at the pictures?  Blink once if you are reading this ; ) ) 
Anyway- getting to the good stuff- we got to bundle up in ski equipment (long underwear, sweaters, fleeces, face masks, gloves, etc) and were also told to grab gigantic red jackets
because apparently the point would be 'colder than we could imagine'.  (Having skied in northern VT, I find this hard to believe).  However, wee got lucky and it wasn't that windy, which minimized the cold. (I still wore long underwear, a fleece shirt, a fleece a jacket, and the big red jacket as well as a face mask/ hat.)  So we all piled on to  4 wheelers, accompanied by two Bear Guards to protect us from polar bears.  After an awesome caravan ride out to the point, we began digging and labeling anything we found. Janet, Judy, Molly and I found a lot of 'faunal remains' (which means non-human remains) mostly seal and caribou bones.  Nothing archeologically significant. But the archeologists uncovered a HUMAN SKULL of a 6-8 year old child underneath some sort of animal pelt. We weren't allowed to take
pictures of any of the human remains but we got to watch them carefully brush things off with little brushes, just like they would on crime tv like "Bones" or maybe Jurassic Park. AWESOME! 







There was also a group of local high school students who work at the dig site during the summer months. We had lunch with them in the tent and chatted about what teenage life is like in Barrow, Alaska.  Pretty similar to the lives of Massachusetts teens actually- similar music, (on their ipods they were listening to Disturbed and Fallout Boy) similar taste in reading, (one of the girls walked me through the whole plot of the 4th Twilight book, Breaking Dawn- they even nicknamed the child skeleton remains after a character from the book) and similar past times. (When asked what the biggest downside of living in Barrow was, one of them answered, 'there is no mall'.)  However, they are lucky to have a whole world of experiences that the environment does not provide for the teens in Massachusetts.  From a young age, most children have their own 4 wheelers that they will use to roam around town and over the beach and tundra landscape. Additionally, most kids get to hunt in some capacity. The kids we talked to had all taken part in a variety of hunts- duck hunts, caribou, seal, and of course the infamous whale. Only men and boys are allowed to participate in whale hunts however, and I also learned that a man can only be a whaling captain if he is married. Super interesting social systems, I could do a lot more research on the gender roles and social constructions of the Inupiat! Fascinating!  
One highlight for me was my ride around the perimeter with one of the Bear Guards as he made his patrol. He pointed out an artic fox that had been hunted for it's tale (sad), a giant pile of whale bones that generally attracts the polar bears (cool!) a few seals bopping around in the water (cute!!!) and a marked grave site from about 200 years ago. 
Finally, after about 8 hours at the site and bathroom breaks in a tent on a small bucket filled with Pine Sol, we headed back into town to pepare for our community talk at the library. 


Most of our audience was from BASC but they had lots of great questions and gave us a lot of good ideas for how to help teenagers think about climate change.  Over all, a busy and invigorating day!!!!  

Tuesday, July 7, 2009

Another Day in Barrow


Today, Day 3 in Barrow, we went to the Barrow Heritage Center where we saw a special exhibit about whaling. Something which stood out the most to me was that the Inupiat believe that the spirit of the whale chooses to give itself to the hunters based on how well the people will treat the whale,  treat their space, homes, and each other. As stated to the left, "While men may hunt the physical whale, the spirit of the whale gives itself to the women. The women maintain the sanctity of the home, feed the needy, and care for others. The spirit of the whale tells other whales of the kind of treatment it received and convinces themselves to the men the following year."  To the right you can see the Inupiat core values listed. As we have learned, each native Alaskan culture seems to have core values (similar to the 10 common principles) which they aim to follow. Respect and attention to nature is one that I have heard mentioned a few times up here by natives, particularly how it is their responsibility to notice climate change.


We also got to check out the science lab and talk to a few of the archeological anthropologists who we will be accompanying on a dig tomorrow. Their work is 
to date and test the remains at a sinking burial
ground to trace DNA connections between local Inupiat and their ancestors. There is a lot more that they are doing but you will have to talk to the science teachers for further explanation on that! Or tune in tomorrow and we will fill you in on our participation in the dig!

Finally, we got to stand on some sea ice which made the whole trip look really authentic and made Molly really happy! (Below- obviously)



Here is a teaser for tomorrow: This is Molly trying on her full facial covering for the ride out to the windy dig site on 4-wheelers.  Another important logistic for getting to the site is planning for enough Bear Guards so no one gets attacked by a polar bear. I think even polar bears would be afraid of this get-up. 

Sunday, July 5, 2009

4th of July in Barrow


We all piled into dusty trucks (everything is covered with dust here) to take the 2 mile bumpy ride into town from the research station/college where we are staying to see some of the July 4th celebrations, starting with the parade.





This comprised an assortment of trucks, buses, ambulances, fire engine, snowmobiles, horns and sirens blaring, most decked out with balloons and decorations and all showering the bystanders with candy,(Amanda's idea of heaven). All the kids and many adults in the crowd had bags and were picking up whatever fell close to their feet and getting some pretty big bag fulls. The parade wove its way from the center of town out to the beach front where tents and awnings made an events arena. Lots of hot food available including caribou stew which was very welcome because the arctic wind was very biting. Events proceeded at a very leisurly pace with plenty of opportunity for chatting and hanging out.The umiat boat race was postponed for yet another day because the wind was too strong but we did get to see the beautiful baby contest. This was more a contest of which family could make the more stunning outfut for the baby and often the mother too. They were quite amazing, made from different furs and fabrics decorated with embrodery and clearly taking many, many hours to make.


































These were heirloom works of art but many of the local people wear handmade parkas that are stunning too. The womens are big enough so they can fit a baby inside on their backs.


























Whale bones and the wood frame of an Umiat(the seal skin whaling boat) in the foreground, the Artic Ocean and sea ice in the distance.








The Arctic Ocean,sea ice in the distance.

Saturday, July 4, 2009

Barrow






The flight up to Barrow was fascinating – and Hal said it was as clear as he has ever seen it in his 10-15 trips to and from Barrow. The pilot flew right next to Denali (Mt. McKinley) and circled it so we could see all sides of it – it felt like a cruise rather than a commercial plane flight! We could also see the dramatic changes in geography, from the abrupt rising of Denali and the other mountains in its range and the glaciers that filled many of the valleys (one of which is many miles long), to the heavily forested and green areas around Fairbanks, to the completely flat and water-pocked north slope on the north side of the Brooks mountain range. We had a short stop in Fairbanks, dropping of some people adding a few more, and then landed in Barrow around 7:15pm. There were some interesting characters on the flight to Barrow, and it made me wonder about the types of people who come here and live here. One very friendly couple was moving to Barrow, in part to be with their daughter and in part because they can earn higher salaries here than they could in the lower 48 states. They had bought boxes full of food and supplies at Costco and Wal-Mart and were brining them to last 3-4 months because the price of food and everyday goods is so much more expensive in Barrow. In Anchorage, much of the produce was close to twice the price as it is at home – I’m curious to see the prices in Barrow.
I have been through my first night of constant light, and it was weird but not too hard to sleep, probably because I didn’t go to bed until 11:30pm and I was tired out. I actually had my best night of sleep thus far. I took some photos before I went to bed (including a scenic view from my window ;)) but they weren’t very interesting because it just looked like early evening in terms of the light – I need to remember to label them or else I will have no idea why I took them.
Barrow is incredibly flat and barren, which also means it is very windy. It isn’t too cold (in the 40s yesterday and today, and without much variation in temps because the sun is always up), but the wind chill is noticeable. It is also very foggy, especially this morning, and you can’t see very far – it makes me see what Hal was saying about us being lucky with the views we had during yesterday’s flights. The town is pretty small, with a couple of large (five or six stories being the tallest) municipal buildings and corporate buildings, and then single family homes ranging from mobile homes to five or six-room, basic construction houses, and a couple of larger apartment complexes. There are three main sections to town – Barrow Center, (a big triangle which has the airport to the south of it, the ocean to the north and west and a lagoon to the east), Brower’s Center (a smaller triangle to the north and east of the lagoon), and NARL (the former Navy Arctic Research Lab, where BASC, a local college, and other US government agencies are located). There are no trees and everything is dirt (which supposedly becomes mud with rain and/or melting snow). The town is built close to the ocean, which still has some of the winter ice off the shore. Because of the wind, anything not held down tightly will blow through the air – this seems to be a major issue with trash, as papers and other garbage is lying all around.
We are here as part of BASC, though actually staying in a privately-run “hotel” in the NARL complex. This NARL area reminds me of an X-Files episode. The buildings are a mix of 1940s and 1950s Quonset huts and small buildings that are modified mobile homes, with a couple of larger buildings probably built in the 1970s and 1980s – very plain and simple rectangular designs, all one-story high. The buildings are surrounded by elevated pipes for water and gas (so they don’t freeze in the ground) and all sorts of old vehicles, machinery and leftover parts. From the outside, everything looks barren and discarded in an eerie way, but inside things are warm and comfortable in a homey way. The labs and living space reminds me or RMBL (where my sister Molly did her PhD research in Colorado) – basic facilities with a layer of dirt or mud on the exterior, and that have been personalized by the people who work and live here with there art work, posters, comic strip cutouts, etc. My room is like a small dorm room, with random pieces of furniture, most of them at least 10-20 years old. There is a satellite TV and a free washer/dryer unit, not to mention large bathroom and shower facilities, a water bubbler and other small comforts. We ate at a Japanese/Korean restaurant called Osaka last night – we mainly had sushi and other Asian foods, though they also had maple syrup on the shelf for breakfast pancakes and things like burgers, fries and BLTs on the menu – and met Steve, who has been doing science work up here for over 30 years and now is one of the logistics managers for scientists.

Friday, July 3, 2009






The first picture is of the top of the Byron Glacier. Later we hiked up to the bottom of this glacier. Matt and his cast made it to the first ice (see fifth photo). The second photo is of the Portage Glacier which we viewed from a boat. Notice the line of grey debris where the two sides of the glacier meet and push up the sediment. In the third picture Molly and Amanda suit up to defy the cool wind blowing off the glacier. The fourth picture shows Judy on the deck of the boat watching for the glacier to calve (that means a part of it breaks off and falls into the water). Unfortunately we didn't get to see that happen today.


Here are a few more pictures from yesterday. We went to a dogsled rodeo. The drivers and dogs all compete in the Iditarod, a 1150 mile race from Anchorage to Nome. It is a grueling race for the drivers, who get about two hours of sleep each night, after spending at least four hours caring for their dogs.

The first picture shows a team of five dogs driven by one of the youngest women to run the Iditarod. In the Iditarod the teams have 16 dogs. We watched a team of 16 pull a pickup truck across the rink.

The second picture is of Dallas Seavey. When he was 18, he was the youngest musher to run the Iditarod. He and his lead dog, shown in this picture, came in sixth place in this year's race.